AIIMS Archives - InnoHEALTH magazine

How Data Analytics Will Increase the Quality of Care?

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Wed, 24 Apr 2019 10:19:23 +0000

According to the Merriam- Webster dictionary, an analysis is “a detailed examination of anything complex in order to understand its nature or to determine its essential features: a thorough study.” Data analytics is a method of analyzing, manipulating, and processing of complex data in a more defined and logical way. In brief, it can be defined as “a method of logical analysis.” In data analytics method, complex data are drilled down at various levels in order to arrive or conclude in a meaningful way. It is mostly used to make organizational decisions, implement any new processes, changing the existing processes, etc.

The healthcare industry generates and collects a huge amount of complex data daily. Using data analytics technique, these large set of data can be broken down in a meaningful way to know the trends and make more accurate decisions for many major quality outcome projects. Through analyzing trends and forecasting the data, the healthcare providers will know whether implementing or changing any project would have a positive or negative impact on an organization. For example, if an organization wants to increase the overall mental health of their patient population, the provider should first know what percentage of patients are not undergoing their depression screening during an annual health checkup, says Thamarai. To identify the percentage of patients who did not have their depression screening done, the data analyst will collect data from the organization’s database for a year. Once the organization identifies the base population, the experts look at the data and analyze the gap by drilling down the data to find why a depression screening was not done. Finally, using the same data analytics method, an organization can decide whether this quality project needed to be implemented after performing management level decision such resource needed and financial status. According to Thamarai, however, though data analytics aids and helps the leaders to decide, it is utmost important to include clinical folk’s knowledge as there might be something beyond this analysis. In the above example, the patients who did not have depression screening may voluntary avoid (needed to be excluded from the base population) or there is no such information captured in the medical record altogether. In these scenarios, the doctors will come with ideas to close the gaps such as using a phrase or a flag in the medical record for the patients who voluntarily declined the screening. Hence, a combination of Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and data analytics team is required to obtain a positive outcome for any healthcare quality project.

“Can this data analytics method be feasible in the Indian Healthcare System?”. Major Indian healthcare organizations still use surveys and administrative medical records data to analyze the quality of care. These resources of data are less reliable and collecting this type of data is always a challenge for the healthcare organizations because of lack of Electronic Health Records (EHR), says Thamarai. Though EHR implementation is slow in India, it is predicted to grow in years to come because of many government-initiated policies such as ‘The Digital India Healthcare Policy’, increase in EHR implementation in Major hospitals like AIIMS, etc.

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Integrating Technologies to Better Healthcare

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Wed, 17 Apr 2019 09:57:49 +0000

Age and disease demographics are changing rapidly across the globe. The number of people above 65 years is expected to double and constitute nearly 17% of the world population by 2050. The chronic disease incidence rate is expected to rise to 57% by 2020. These figures highlight the need to enhance the quality and efficiency of care with quick response time to health-related emergencies.

Ideas that cut across medicine, biological and engineering sciences, material design, and system innovations are converging to address these challenges. The shift is going to be from legacy products like pacemaker and imaging systems to wearables for general fitness tracking and gait monitoring. Taking a step further, researchers are now developing and testing more focused miniaturized bioelectronic devices for recording and analyzing health data for detecting determinants of health and for medical interventions.

In diagnostics, non-invasive bioelectronic skin sensors that measure analytes in biofluids like saliva, tears, and sweat are showing promising results in assessing stress levels and detecting conditions like diabetes and cystic fibrosis. Researchers from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi have developed a biosensor for detecting glucose in saliva samples for diabetes detection. The results can directly be viewed on the user’s smartphone. Many such studies are now underway in India.

Also Read: Healthy Lives: Everyone, Everywhere

Conductive gels and patch sensors resembling fashion accessories are also being developed to record cardiac, brain and muscle activity which could complement the traditional blood analysis and clinical examinations. Mechano-acoustic skin sensors that measure speech patterns and internal body sounds, like swallowing, are being explored to quantitatively measure the impact of rehabilitation in patients, such as those recovering from a stroke.

In treatment, miniscule implants placed inside the body can cross the blood-brain barrier and deliver the drug directly at the target site, even in hard-to-reach internal organs. Such devices have shown promising results in laboratory settings in reducing side effects and toxicity while increasing overall drug efficacy. This could also ensure patient compliance, a step further to the recently approved digital pill, especially in patients on long care and those with compromised cognition.

Certain implants can also electrically stimulate cardiac or brain tissues to treat conditions like irregular heartbeat, certain motor disorders, and cognitive impairments. Other implants like artificial retina and cochlear implants, restore functionalities of damaged tissues. These interventions, being referred to as ‘Bioceuticals’, could restructure conventional therapeutic options for more efficient outcomes.

In India, a lot of work has now started in this sphere. Results from a few studies have started trickling in, with most of them in development or early stages of testing. Research findings in the journal Scientific Reports by researchers from IIT Kharagpur earlier this year reported bio impedimetric analysis of cancer cells that efficiently distinguishes their aggressiveness by measuring electric field impedance in laboratory conditions. In another study published in the journal Sensors earlier this year, researchers at IIT Delhi developed a novel low-cost prosthesis based on sensors to enable normal gait kinematics, i.e. motion analysis, for lower limb amputees.

IIT Kharagpur is setting up a Bioelectronics Innovation Laboratory that aims to develop battery-free implantable miniaturized engineering systems for treatment of brain, nerve, muscle or spinal cord disorders by restoring missing neural functions. The proposed coin-sized implant will be powered wirelessly and will combine brain activity testing like electrical simulation, bio-potential recording and neuro-chemical sensing for use in rehabilitation and prosthesis.

Also Read: India’s First Smartphone Insertable Cardiac Monitor

Round-the-clock data collected from bioelectronic devices could replace the present time-point investigations and lead to better management of the health condition of patients. In addition, data from multiple people can help develop artificial intelligence algorithms and predictive tools. Such tools have already started showing analytic performance similar, and sometimes better than manual inspection by a specialist physician. In countries like India, that suffer from a shortage of qualified doctors in remote areas, such devices have immense potential. However, data standardization, data security, and privacy protection must be addressed and regulated before rolling out such interventions.

In the next few years, health monitoring, neural prosthetics, and biochemical prosthetics are expected to drive major developments in this space. Although the monitoring devices have already started testing the market in niche patient segments, it may take the implants another 5-10 years to reach health centers as they make their way through developmental and regulatory checkpoints.

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Faster Diagnostic Tests Developed for TB

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Thu, 14 Feb 2019 09:10:58 +0000

Tuberculosis (TB) claims two million lives each year globally. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent spread, outbreaks, and development of resistance. Scientists at the Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI) Haryana and All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi have jointly developed highly sensitive and rapid tests for detection of tuberculosis infection in lungs and surrounding membranes.

TB spreads from one person to another through inhalation of infected air. When the bacteria attacks the lungs, the disease manifests itself in a pulmonary form. It is the most common form of TB. But about 15% of new patients in 2016 were found infected with extrapulmonary TB where organs other than lungs may be affected. Till now, detection of all forms of TB is mostly based on sputum smear microscopy and culture tests. While smear microscopy is simple and rapid, it has low sensitivity. Culture test is highly sensitive but takes 2 to 8 weeks to get results.

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Also read: India aims to eliminate TB by 2025

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Conventional diagnostic tests use antibodies for detection of bacterial proteins in sputum samples. However, such tests suffer from limitations including batch-to-batch variability, limited shelf-life, and cost.

To address these problems, the researchers have now developed two DNA aptamer-based tests – Aptamer Linked Immobilized Sorbent Assay (ALISA) and Electro-Chemical Sensor (ECS) for detection of a bacterial protein in the sputum.

Aptamers are DNA, RNA or peptide molecules that bind to specific molecular targets. They are known to bind the right target (which defines sensitivity) and at the same time rule out any non-specific binding to other targets (specificity). The performance of the newly developed tests was compared with antibody-based tests in 314 sputum samples. ALISA showed 92% sensitivity while the antibody-based method was 68% sensitive.

The research team used ALISA to detect a bacterial protein, HspX. This method, however, took five hours to yield results because it requires sputum immobilization which is a time-consuming step. So the team made efforts to develop a simplified ECS test. In this, aptamer was immobilized with an electrode and upon binding to HspX in the sputum sample, a drop in the electrical signal was recorded.

The ECS test can be used for screening of samples in the field as it takes as less as 30 minutes to deliver results. It is highly sensitive and could detect HspX protein in 91% of the samples tested in this study. In addition, there is no need for sputum sample preparation which is a complex and time-consuming process.

The aim is to develop aptamers for detection of multiple bacterial proteins simultaneously which is expected to lead a more robust test said Dr. Tarun Sharma, a member of the research team. The aptamer-based screening tests for pulmonary TB, pleural TB, and TB meningitis hold immense promise for a country like India, where the disease burden in high and primary healthcare is only a dream for many. The ECS platform could be used in a mobile screening van at the point-of-care explained Dr. Jaya Tyagi, who led the research team AIIMS hoping that these tests are adopted by the TB programs in the country.

The group used the aptamer-based test also for the detection of pleural TB, the second most prevalent form of extrapulmonary TB. Early diagnosis of pleural TB is limited by the availability of a sensitive and rapid test. The performance of existing DNA-based tests varies widely due to low bacterial load in the pleural fluid sample.

There is no test for making a confirmed diagnosis of pleural TB. Even WHO-endorsed Gene Xpert has a poor sensitivity of 22%. On the contrary, the aptamer-based test for pleural TB has shown 93% sensitivity and is cost-effective explained Dr. Sagarika Haldar, a member of the research team.

The research teams were led by Dr. Jaya Tyagi (AIIMS), Dr. Tarun Sharma and Dr. Sagarika Haldar (THSTI) including other colleagues from the institutes. The pulmonary TB results were published in the journal ACS Infectious Diseases and the pleural TB results were published in Analytical Biochemistry. The studies were funded by the Department of Biotechnology, Department of Science and Technology, and THSTI.

By India Science Wire

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Sweden-India Collaboration in Health Sector

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Mon, 11 Feb 2019 07:11:21 +0000

An interview with H.E. Klas Molin, Swedish Ambassador to India done by Sachin Gaur, Director Operations at InnovatioCuris for InnoHEALTH Magazine.

H.E. Klas Molin has been serving as the Ambassador of Sweden to India since 2017. Prior to this, he served as the Ambassador and Chief of Protocol at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Stockholm, Sweden.

He also held various positions at Ministry for Foreign Affairs in Stockholm. He earned his Masters of Arts in Law and Diplomacy from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy (USA).

Q. What is the Swedish interest in India and your priority topics for the Indian health sector?

We have a very fruitful bilateral collaboration with India in the health sector, beginning with our development cooperation in areas such as mother- and child health, midwifery, and work against communicable diseases. Cooperation has now increased to mutually beneficial partnerships. For the past ten years, we have had a Memorandum of Understanding on Health between our countries and next year we are going to celebrate this with an India-Swedish Health Year.

Many collaborations of mutual interests are ongoing and being planned that focus in a wide range of areas like antimicrobial resistance, elderly care, pharmaceuticals, non-communicable diseases and digital innovations including artificial intelligence, where the emphasis will be on knowledge transfer, capacity building and skills training.

InnoBRIDGE Sweden 2019 : Report

Q. An MoU was signed during Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Sweden on 17th April 2018 at Stockholm on “India-Sweden Innovation Partnership for a Sustainable Future”. Can you share the progress with respect to healthcare?

We are in the process of putting out calls and setting up incubators which will encourage close collaboration between the innovators in Sweden and India. Solutions are only sustainable if both sides contribute and share a strong sense of ownership. Progress has already been made in laying the groundwork for such partnerships within the sectors of clean energy and smart cities, and we hope to launch initiatives targeted to healthcare during the coming year. The Embassy will be sure to keep you posted.

InnovatioCuris signed MoU with Swecare

Q. India and Sweden will complete 10 years of Partnership in Health Sector in 2019, any plans in store for 2019?

India and Sweden plan to commemorate the ten years completion of the MoU in 2019. We hope to enhance our collaborations in new areas with new stakeholders like the new AIIMS that have come up in some states. We also hope to have high-level visits from both sides to enhance policy dialogues and bilateral relations. Some of the collaborative partners are also developing new plans to strengthen their cooperation.

Q. What can Indian healthcare businesses gain from Swedish healthcare businesses?

Any suggestions on possible partnerships? It is not so much what the Indian healthcare system can gain, but rather, how can we join forces to overcome common challenges. Swedish businesses have been in India for many years. Within healthcare, we have AstraZeneca, who recently celebrated 40 years in India, and Getinge who has been investing in the Indian ecosystem for many years. Their focus, like many others, has been in building the capacity of their employees and the users of their products to increase efficiency. The businesses also bring with them lessons from Sweden so that we can help India leapfrog outdated technology. Sweden also ranks high in most innovation indexes – it can be argued that our relatively small size makes collaborations outside traditional silos necessary in order to succeed. Public actors, private companies, and institutions often work together in finding innovative solutions to serious healthcare challenges. We would like to work with India to build spaces for similar ecosystems across India.

Q. What are the common areas for healthcare research and ongoing partnerships for both sides to collaborate?

Under the MoU, there are extensive collaborations between public authorities and universities from both countries. For instance, the Swedish Public Health Agency, Medical Product Agency and Forte (the Swedish Research Council on Health, Working Life and Welfare) have an ongoing collaboration with their Indian counterparts. There are ongoing discussions on extending collaborations with new players like our National Board of Health and Welfare and E-Health Authority as well as between our medical universities such as Karolinska Institute, Uppsala University and the different AIIMS.

Through these collaborations, we hope to demonstrate best practices and technologies. We have research calls in different areas for example with EU in big data and artificial intelligence for monitoring health status and quality of life after cancer treatment, under JPIAMR call on diagnostics and surveillance 2019.

Innovation-the UNNATI way is an India-Sweden Innovators for strategic business development to address global challenges. It is an industry-supported initiative coordinated by Business Sweden in collaboration with AGNIi-Invest India and ATAL Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog.

Q. You have signed for skilling nurses on infection control, wound care and diagnostics with Govt of Maharashtra in 2016. What is your experience of the last two years?

I believe the overall experience has been good. Business Sweden will, however, be able to provide more information on this as they have been coordinating this activity.

Q. Anti-Microbial Resistance is an important issue right now. How do you propose the Swedish Govt. support in this area?

The Swedish Public Health Agency and the Indian National Centre for Disease Control have an ongoing collaboration with a focus on antimicrobial resistance. Additionally, the Indian Ministry of Health has proposed that Sweden collaborate closely with a new-AIIMS and its associated Health and Wellness Centres. AIIMS-Jodhpur has been suggested to us and we are currently considering the scope of such collaboration.

Q. Artificial Intelligence seems to be a focus area for Sweden in the Health Sector?

Do you see any collaboration in this field with Indian providers? This is a hot topic all over the world right now. I know India is well ahead in AI technology while Sweden has more long-term experience in extracting relevant information from vast amounts of data. Our patient registries have enabled us to have one of the highest cancer survival rates in the world and that is only one example. I believe we will see some collaborations in the coming year, especially as you are arranging a delegation to Sweden addressing this exact topic in May next year. I will follow this progress closely.

Q. What is your message for InnoHEALTH Magazine readers? How can we, as a platform, support India-Swedish collaboration?

I congratulate InnovatioCuris for collaborating with Swecare Foundation and Swedish Medtech in facilitating innovative and promising solutions for India. Sweden has a long tradition of developing innovations in healthcare. We also have a well-functioning public sector, together with extensive health data registries, biobanks and digital connectivity infrastructure, that provides great opportunities to develop innovative, demand-driven, competitive solutions for healthcare. Exciting opportunities abound in an environment dedicated to medical innovation, drug discovery and pharmaceutical commercialization. Sweden and India have lots to share and learn from each other!

Exclusive interview of Union Health and Family Welfare Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda

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National Ageing Center Coming in New Delhi

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Wed, 19 Dec 2018 06:20:46 +0000

Ahead of an international day of old people on October 1, a foundation stone of the National Ageing Center has been laid recently at AIIMS in the national capital. The National Ageing Center will provide state of the art clinical care to the elderly population and shall play a key role in guiding research in the field of geriatric medicine and related specialties. The Centre will also be a key training facility for undergraduate and postgraduate courses. The Centre will provide multi-specialty healthcare and will have 200 general ward beds, which will include 20 medical ICU beds. The center will be developed at a cost of Rs 330 crores and shall be completed by February 2020.

On the occasion, Prime Minister Narendra Modi also dedicated the underground connecting tunnel between AIIMS and JNPA Trauma Centre, and Power Grid Vishram Sadan at AIIMS along with the 500 bedded New Emergency Block and 807 bedded Super Specialty Block at the Safdarjung Hospital to the nation.

Informatively, on the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the United Nations International Day for Older Persons (UNIDOP) celebrates the importance of this Declaration and reaffirms the commitment to promoting the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by older persons.

Growing older does not diminish a person’s inherent dignity and fundamental rights.

On 14 December 1990, the United Nations General Assembly designated October 1 as the International Day for Older Persons. This was preceded by initiatives such as the Vienna International Plan of Action on Ageing – which was adopted by the 1982 World Assembly on Ageing – and endorsed later that year by the UN General Assembly.

In 1991, the General Assembly adopted the United Nations Principles for Older Persons. In 2002, the Second World Assembly on Ageing adopted the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing, to respond to the opportunities and challenges of population ageing in the 21st century and to promote the development of a society for all ages.

Almost 700 million people are now over the age of 60. By 2050, 2 billion people, over 20 percent of the world’s population, will be 60 or older. The increase in the number of older people will be the greatest and the most rapid in the developing world, with Asia as the region with the largest number of older persons, and Africa facing the largest proportionate growth.

The interdependence between older persons’ social integration and the full enjoyment of their human rights cannot be ignored, as the degree to which older persons are socially integrated will directly affect their dignity and quality of life.

Older human rights champions today were born around the time of the adoption of the UDHR in 1948. They are as diverse as the society in which they live: from older people advocating for human rights at the grass root and community level to high profile figures on the international stage. Each and everyone demands equal respect and acknowledgment for their dedication and commitment to contributing to a world free from fear and free from want.

The 2018 theme aims to:

Promote the rights enshrined in the Declaration and what it means in the daily lives of older persons;
Raise the visibility of older people as participating members of society committed to improving the enjoyment of human rights in many areas of life and not just those that affect them immediately;
Reflect on progress and challenges in ensuring full and equal enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms by older persons; and
Engage broad audiences across the world and mobilize people for human rights at all stages.

On the day of laying of foundation stone for ageing persons, Mr. JP Nadda, Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare, Mr. Ashwini Kumar Choubey and Smt. Anupriya Patel, Ministers of State for Health and Family Welfare were also present at the event.

Addressing the participants, PM Modi said that our government has been successful in taking healthcare out of the ambit of the Health Ministry and today we have Rural Development Ministry, Water and Sanitation Ministry, and Child Development Ministry and AYUSH Ministry with our vision of healthcare.

He further added that our vision is not limited to hospitals, diseases, medicines, and super specialty care but also with the idea that affordable and equitable healthcare should be ensured for every citizen. PM Modi said that the government is equipping existing hospitals with all the modern facilities and at the same time it is also making sure that the healthcare facilities reach the remotest areas of the countries. He added that 58 district hospitals are being upgraded to medical colleges and the government has also sanctioned budgets for 24 new medical colleges.

PM Modi added that the global target for eliminating TB is 2030, but we have set 2025 as our target for India to eliminate TB, five years before the global target. He further stated that the government is providing Rs. 500 to the TB patients towards nutritional support.

The Prime Minister also mentioned the Ayushman Bharat programme. He said that under the National Health Protection Mission, 10 crore poor and vulnerable families (approximately 50 crore beneficiaries) will be provided a coverage up to 5 lakh rupees per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization. This will be the world’s largest government-funded healthcare programme, he stated.

Mr. Nadda said that there has been a visible change in the tertiary healthcare in the country and assured that the government is committed to ensuring that the new AIIMS will meet the same standards of service as AIIMS, New Delhi. No effort will be spared to make them the very best, he added. He said that that the new AIIMS will have the same work culture and the government is taking all the steps to ensure that. He further stated that the Ministry in the past 4 years has not left any stone unturned – from monitoring the clean and effective implementation of national programmes to establishing 13 new AIIMS like institutes across the country. Reiterating the commitment of the government, he said under Ayushman Bharat, 150,000 sub-centers will be converted into Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) that will deliver comprehensive primary healthcare.

“The HWC would provide preventive, promotive, and curative care for non-communicable diseases, dental, mental, geriatric care, palliative care, etc. He further stated that the government has initiated universal screening of common NCDs such as diabetes, hypertension and common cancers along with Tuberculosis and Leprosy and everybody above the age of 30 years will be screened for these diseases and as such this will eventually help in reducing the disease burden of the country. “We will implement the vision of the Prime Minister in letter and spirit,” he added.

The underground tunnel is providing connecting facility between AIIMS and JPNA Trauma Centre and will reduce the commute time between the two centers. The completed length connectivity between two centers is approximately 1 km and has been completed at a cost of Rs. 44 crores.

The Powergrid Vishram Sadan has a 300 bedded night shelter facility meant for the patients and their relatives visiting AIIMS main hospital and JPNA Trauma center at AIIMS. The 11-floor facility has been constructed at a cost of Rs. 32.67 crores and funded by the Power Grid Corporation.

New emergency block at Safdarjung Hospital will house 64 triage beds, red zone for children & adults and 90 ICU beds for victims of road traffic accidents, acute trauma suffered by individuals at home or work, acute poisoning and severe medical and surgical emergencies. The block has been developed at a cost of Rs. 346 crores.

Super Specialty Block at Safdarjung Hospital holds tertiary care facilities in the areas of cardiovascular sciences, neurosciences, pulmonary medicine, nephrology, and endocrinology and shall be offering the facility of a Heart Command Centre, respiratory care facility, sleep labs, 24×7 dialysis unit, MRI guided Braine Suite, etc. It also has a 228-bedded private ward. The super specialty block has been developed at a cost of Rs. 920 crores.

Also present at the event were Smt. Preeti Sudan, Secretary (Health); Prof. Randeep Guleria, Director, AIIMS New Delhi; Dr. Rajendra Sharma, Medical Superintendent, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi and Mr. IS Jha, CMD, Powergrid Corporation along with the senior officers from the Health Ministry and faculty of AIIMS.

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Fairytales of Nanoparticles – IC Club Meeting

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Mon, 15 Oct 2018 10:58:24 +0000

5th IC Club Meeting: Fairytales of Nanoparticles from Iceland to Jamia Millia Islamia

Dr. Pavan Varma co-founded Biotech start-ups in Varanasi and New Delhi. He has business experience in molecular diagnostics, genomics, contract research, and product development. He has conducted several Biotech workshops and training sessions for science graduates in Varanasi and also established several in-house panels for rare genetic disorders, cancers, and infectious agents along with design and development of low-cost DNA tools.

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On a day of plunging temperature at Reykjavik airport in Iceland almost thirteen years ago, a few journalists, while briskly walking on the tarmac to embark on a special aircraft, were impatient to find out exact definition of Nanoparticles.

They were expecting this midair query from the scientist turned President APJ Kalam with whom they were flying on the state visit to a few nations including big bang experiment site at CERN laboratory on the Franco-Swiss border near Geneva.

Dr. Kalam, during onboard freewheeling interactions with accompanying media contingent used to ask several simple questions while giving an elaborative narrative of complex scientific issues in common man language. His narration on Nanoparticles usage in health care discipline was always a gripping one.

Coincidently, on a day of soaring temperature in the same month 13 years after, another Scientist Dr. Amit Kumar Dinda was batting coolly on the subject in a lecture hall of Jamia Millia Islamia Central University in the national capital and was giving an absorbing narrative on Nanoparticles. His chronicle was equally informative and exciting.

For me, it was an instant revival of flashback memories of Nanoparticles and developments in India and Dr. Kalam’s vision of Nanoparticles researches and its usage in various disciplines.

The mega dissertation on the Nano theme by Dr. Dinda from AIIMS, New Delhi was equally engrossing. He was speaking at the Third IC (InnovatioCuris) meeting which had a talk regarding Nanotechnology and its commercial impact.

The talk highlighted the significance of Nanotechnology as a future driver of innovations and useful economy. He further exemplified with his own contributions to the field including nanoparticulate ambisomes against Kala-azar, nano formulation based HBV vaccine for oral delivery, nanoformulations against leishmaniasis.

The focus of the IC club meeting was about Biotechnology future innovation, Funding scenario and Start-ups. It was for the first time that the IC club meeting was organized in a university to encourage participation of academia.

Dr. Dinda has equally cautioned the pitfalls in Nano research and product development, which was very elucidative and useful for the present members and students. His experience with Nanoscience made him realise the importance of collaborative approach, as it is a highly inter-disciplinary science.

Nanotechnology is very liberative and robust in the sense that it offers low cost, and viable and scalable technology, the sort of which is need of the hour in India. Also given the reason that it has been practised in India in Ayurveda, gives a point of leveraging for existing vedic processes. The impacted areas range from health, environment, water purification, therapeutics, organ regeneration, to such hi-fi technologies like nanotised robots for vivo monitoring.

Dr. Dinda, also stressed on the importance of quality human resource and specially a dedicated one. He has given several examples of his experience abroad during his residency, where he was member of several failure commitees, and stressed on the importance of reasoning a failure.

The other talk in the meeting was given by Dr. Pavan from Scangene Labs, a first generation entrepreneur in the biotechnology domain with focus on low cost diagnostics. He shared his experience of establishing his start-up and his companies plan A and plan B. His team was instrumental in developing several panels for diagnosis of cancer markers and rare genetic disorders. They developed low cost equipment and devices for use in reserach setups and educational institutes.

Dr. Pavan have showcased their research into development of a low cost TB resistance screening devise and claimed to make it a less than one dollar possibility. They stressed the importance of having a plan A and plan B for survival in the Biotech Start-up landscape. They concluded saying India needs more PADMAN’s in Biotechnology.

The general mood of the meeting was regarding the buzz in the policy shift towards biological sector by the Government of India. Several important observations were shared by the clubites in this regard, like the present call for grand challenges focussed towards synthetic biology, the present heads of scientific bodies being decorated by emineries from biology background, etc. The other significant dialogue in the meeting was regarding focus on low cost technology, and the importance of quality certification and /or recognition by regulatory bodies.

Informatively, with the commitment to giving an encouraging platform to innovators and aspiring startups, InnovatioCuris (IC) was created as a knowledge-based platform to exchange best practices of healthcare innovations across the globe by conducting international conferences, and extending the same message in internationally-acclaimed, quarterly magazine named “InnoHEALTH”, complimentary webinars and training.

The club brings innovators, investors, start-ups, technology persons, policymakers, health experts and legal advisers under one large umbrella to be members and hold hands by sharing success stories and challenges and to incubate their ideas to take the dream and vision of India forward. It has a very strong band of advisers to support the activity of club and mentor projects. The aim is to bring down healthcare delivery cost yet maintain quality through innovations. IC has an outreach of 30,000 people globally to share its activities.

Dr. Amit Kumar Dinda MD, PhD is a Professor of Department of Pathology at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi. After his post graduation in Pathology he did his PhD in the area of Cancer Biology at the same institute. His area of work includes Immunopathology, Inflammation and cell biology, Experimental pathology, Ultrastructural pathology, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine. In the area of Nanomedicine, he is actively involved in several projects related to nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery, antigen and DNA delivery system. Dr. Amit is working in the area of nano-cell biology to understand nanoparticle and cellular interaction. He is in the editorial committee of 12 national & international journals. He has worked as a Visiting Professor in Long Island Jews Medical Center & Elbert Einstein Medical College, New York, USA as well as University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Dr. Amit has published more than 200 research articles in indexed journals and edited 4 books. He has written 14 chapters in books and acquired 3 patents in the areas of nanotechnology and biopolymer.

The other interesting discussion was for the need of an ecosystem for development of tools and devices for Biotechnology.

IC InnovatorClub Sixth Meeting

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An Interaction with J.P. Nadda on Health Plan

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Mon, 14 May 2018 10:23:03 +0000

World’s Largest Health Scheme Unspooled in India

Apparently bracing up to showcase India’s achievements in Health Sector management during general elections due within a year and a half, Union Health and Family Welfare Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda, who recently hogged limelight during mega health plan announced in the Union Budget 2018-19, and also played prominent role in the ruling party activities at the national and states’ level, says the NDA government is committed to advancing Universal Health Coverage (UHC) agenda. World Health Organisation Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has recently said that India should have UHC.

In an interaction with InnoHEALTH magazine, the Minister asserts that the government would herald a new era of healthcare and the plan announced in the Union Budget would be implemented with full sincerity. It will take a few months to roll out all nitty-gritty’s of implementation. He dismisses apprehensions of those sceptical of the plan in wake of massive funds required for the implementation of the world’s largest healthcare plan. There would be no laxity in the successful implementation of the scheme and it had nothing to do with elections but it is a well-thought-out plan to ensure holistic healthcare to common people. Massive machinery has started churning out plans to bring the scheme to the ground reality. Informatively, a plan to provide health coverage to 50 crore people has been proposed in the current budget 2018-19 and is being viewed as a precursor to the UHC.

WHO’s definition of UHC — one of the goals of sustainable development — includes financial risk protection (against medical expenses), access to quality essential health care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all.

The National Health Policy 2017 approved last year envisages the attainment of the highest possible level of health without anyone having to face financial hardship as a consequence. The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW) has taken concrete steps to reduce the Out of Pocket Expenditure (OOPE).

Mission Indradhanush launched in 2014 which was one of the largest global public health initiatives. In its four phases till date, Mass Immunisation (MI) has successfully reached over 25 million children in over 528 Districts. The focus is also on increasing the basket of vaccines. Since 2014, Rotavirus vaccine, Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV), and the Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine, and also the JE vaccine for adults have been launched.

Under Pradhan Mantri Dialysis Program (PMDP) 1.43 lakh patients have availed free services from 1,069 Dialysis Units and also under Free Drugs and Diagnostics Program; Affordable Medicine and Reliable Implants for Treatment (AMRIT) outlets nearly 47 lakh patients have benefitted and through the purchase of subsidized medicines from AMRIT Pharmacies.

To provide comprehensive primary care, the Government has announced of transforming 1.5 lakh sub-health centres to Health and Wellness centres i.e. MoHFW is now moving towards the provision of comprehensive primary care through the Health and Wellness Centres.

The MoHFW has initiated universal screening of common Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, hypertension and common cancers at the sub-centre and Primary Health Centre (PHC), which will enable the strengthening of preventive and promotive health, improve patient referral and access to secondary care.

Excerpts

Q. Please share some major highlights of 2017 in promoting health initiatives?

I am proud to say that there have been several achievements. Few on top of my mind are—Release of the new National Health Policy 2017 after a gap of 15 years, the Passing of HIV & AIDS (Prevention & Control) Act, 2017, the Cabinet approves the Mental Healthcare Act 2017, and the most recent National Medical Commission Bill, 2017.

Besides these policy and legislature decisions, the MoHFW launched some major health initiatives. Starting with the most recent National Nutrition Mission 2017 with Ministry of Women and Child Development (WCD), the intensified Mission Indradhanush. After the success of MI, the annual rate of increase of full immunisation coverage has increased from 1% to 6.7 % during the two rounds. We increased the basket of Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) with the introduction of new vaccines i.e. Rotavirus vaccine, MR vaccine and the PCV.

The PMSMA (Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan) has helped detect more than 5 lakh high-risk pregnancies. Similarly, MoHFWs Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) has screened 11.7 crore children, 43.4 lakh children were referred to secondary tertiary facilities, 27.8 lakh children availed services in secondary tertiary facilities. The MoHFW also launched the Mission Parivar Vikas (MPV) in 146 Districts of 7 states for substantially increasing the access to contraceptives and family planning services in Districts with Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 3 and above.

The MoHFW announced transformation of sub-health centres to Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) to expand the basket of services of primary care to make it comprehensive. The HWCs are expected to provide preventive, promotive, rehabilitative and curative care for a package of services related to reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (RMNCH+A), communicable diseases, non- communicable diseases, ophthalmology, ENT, dental, mental, geriatric care, treatment for acute simple medical conditions and emergency and trauma services. In addition, the recently launched population-based Screening of Diabetes, Hypertension and Common Cancers (Oral, Breast & Cervical) represents a massive step in identifying and addressing the risk factors at the community level itself. More than 150 Districts are taking up in 2017-18.

There are global achievements in terms of India being declared Infective Trachoma free. The MoHFW has also signed MoUs with Italy, Morocco and Cuba.

Q. What challenges did you aim to achieve next year?

Provisioning UHC and to restrict the growing burden of Non – Communicable Diseases. We have initiatives in place to manage both.

Q. How to address the fund crunch issue?

There is no fund crunch. In 2017-18 Union Budget, the health allocation was increased by 27.7%. The MoHFW is committed to 2.5% of GDP to healthcare in a phased manner under the National Health Policy 2017. So I don’t foresee any fund crunch.

Q. Your comments on private sector role in healthcare? Is their contribution satisfies you?

Private sector engagement is a part of new National Health Policy 2017 for a reason. They have a very significant and important contribution to the country’s health services landscape. In terms of real-time support, we are satisfied with their contribution to the Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA) and provisioning dialysis services through PPP under the Pradhan Mantri Dialysis Program.

Q. Please throw light on Universal Health Coverage initiatives?
There are several, however, I can list a few:-

• In 2017-18, the MoHFW announced transformation of subhealth Centres to Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) to expand the basket of services of primary care to make it comprehensive. The HWCs are expected to provide Preventive, Promotive, Rehabilitative and Curative Care for a package of services related to RMNCH+A, Communicable diseases, Non-Communicable Diseases, Ophthalmology, ENT, Dental, Mental, Geriatric Care, treatment for acute simple medical conditions and emergency and trauma services. The indicative package of services envisaged is

a. Care in pregnancy and childbirth
b. Neonatal and infant health care services
c. Childhood and adolescent health care services
d. Family planning, contraceptive services and other Reproductive Healthcare services
e. Management of Communicable diseases: National Health Programmes
f. Management of Common Communicable Diseases and General Out-Patient care for acute simple illnesses and minor ailments
g. Screening and management of Non-Communicable diseases
h. Screening and basic management of mental health ailments
i. Care for common Ophthalmic and ENT problems
j. Provision of basic dental health care
k. Geriatric and palliative health care services
l. Trauma Care and Emergency Medical Services

The Health and Wellness Centre (H&WC) will deliver comprehensive primary healthcare using a team-based approach and would be led by a mid-level service provider with a primary healthcare team including ANMs, ASHAs, and AWWs, of the sub-centre area. Altogether, 4000 sub-centres are targeted to be transformed to HWCs by March 2018 and 1.25 lakh HWCs by March 2022. So far approval has given for 3871 HWCs.

• National Programme for Prevention & Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS)— -In order to prevent and control major NCDs, the MoHFW is implementing the NPCDCS in all states across the country with the focus on strengthening infrastructure, human resource development, health promotion, early diagnosis, management and referral. As on date, the programme is under implementation in total 436 Districts, with setting up of NCD clinics in 435 District Hospitals, and 2145 Community Health Centres. Cardiac Care Units have been set up in total 138 Districts and Day Care Centres for Cancer Chemotherapy have been set up in 84 Districts. Provision has been made under the programme to provide free diagnostic facilities and free drugs for NCD patients attending the clinics at the District and CHC levels.

• Population-based screening for Diabetes, Hypertension and Common Cancer (Oral, Breast & Cervical)—The recently launched Population-based Screening of Diabetes, Hypertension and Common Cancers represents a massive step in identifying and addressing the risk factors at the community level itself.

More than 150 Districts are being taken up during 2017-18. As of September 2017, approvals given for about 170 Districts in 16309 sub-centres and screening has been initiated in about 60 Districts, 12 states, 2 UTs and 20,15,474 people have been screened.

Q. How the Ministry ensures safe pregnancy in rural/remote and tribal areas where access to hospitals is not that easy?
The issue focuses on our entire Reproductive Child Health (RCH) programme and National Health Mission To list a few viz.-
a. Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
b. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK)
c. HBNC/HBIC (Home-Based Neonatal Care/Infant Care)
d. National Ambulance Service (108/104)
e. Tribal Birthing/Waiting Homes
f. Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)

Q. What message do you want to share with the community in their fight against dengue and chikungunya?

I want to focus solely on prevention viz. preventing water logging around the house. And other measures which we keep reiterating through our regular Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) campaigns. This requires community partnership and ownership.

Q.8. What has been the status of constructing of new AIIMS across the country?

The Government has been at the forefront to strengthen the tertiary care. As such six new AIIMS are functioning and six will come up in due course.

Q. Pl throw light on MoU signed with Morocco. What will be the major gains?
The main areas of cooperation include the following:
a. Non-communicable diseases, including child cardiovascular diseases and cancer
b. Drug Regulation and Pharmaceutical quality control
c. Communicable Diseases
d. Maternal, child and neonatal health
e. Hospital twinning for the exchange of good practices
f. Training in administration and management of health services and Hospitals
Q. Generic medicines: How to address availability issue?

The MoHFW recently issued a draft gazette notification making it mandatory for Pharma companies to carry the generic name of drugs on packs that are at least two fonts larger than the brand name. This clause will be a legal provision as a rule under the existing Drugs and Cosmetics Act. And any violation will be punishable under the provisions of the law. The Ministry has sought public comments on the draft, after which it is likely to become part of the drug law.

Also, issued orders to the Medical Council of India (MCI), state governments and all central government hospitals asking them to ensure that doctors write prescriptions with generic names of medicines in legible handwriting.

In last three years, the government has capped prices of around 700 essential medicines. It has also capped prices of stents and is working to make drugs for critical diseases like cancer and heart disorders available through various schemes. It has also launched several programmes to make free drugs and diagnostics available under the National Health Mission.

Also, our AMRIT stores provision generic drugs. 19 states have set 105 pharmacies for providing medicines for Diabetes, CVD, Cancer and other diseases at discounted prices to the patients. A total of more than 5000 drugs and other consumables are selling at up to 50% discounts.

As of 15th November 2017, 44.54 lakh patients benefitted from AMRIT pharmacies. The value of drug dispensed at MRP is Rs 417.73 crore and savings of Rs. 231.34 crore from AMRIT stores thereby reducing theirs out of pocket expenditure.

Q. Doctors’ shortage: What measures should be put in place to address the concern?

• The MoHFW has granted permission for the establishment of 83 new medical colleges in the last 3 years including 31 in the government sector. The country has today 479 medical colleges with more than 67,000 MBBS seats.

• The Ministry has taken various measures to facilitate the setting up of new colleges viz.

a. norms for medical colleges rationalized
b. urban areas have dispensed with the minimum area of land within notified
c. Companies have to allowed to set up medical colleges.

• The MoHFW is implementing a Centrally Sponsored Scheme namely “Establishment of new medical colleges attached with existing district/referral hospitals”

• Under this Scheme, 58 Districts in 20 States/UT has identified to establish new Medical Colleges attached with existing district/referral hospitals. Out of these, 56 have been approved to date.

• Out of 56 approved medical colleges, 8 are functional and 29 have applied for MCI’s permission to start new medical colleges from the academic year 2018-19.

• The increase of PG seats:

• In January 2017 the teacher-student ratio was revised in government medical colleges in clinical subjects and consequently around 3,000 PG seats added as a one-time measure.

• In the normal course of permission under IMC Act added 700 seats. Combined with the increase of DNB seats, the ministry could achieve an increase of nearly 5800 PG seats in 2017.

• The country has today around 38,000 PG seats including Diplomate of National Board (DNB).

Q. Please throw light on Mental Healthcare Act, 2016. What steps the did government plan to create awareness on this?

• The Act adopts a rights-based statutory framework for mental health in India and strengthens equality and equity in the provision of mental healthcare services in order to protect the rights of people with the mental health problem to ensure that they are able to receive optimum care and are able to live a life of dignity and respect.

• Mental Healthcare Act strengthens the institutional mechanisms for improving access quality and appropriate mental health care services.

• The Act increases accountability of both government and private sectors in the delivery of mental health care with the representation of persons with the mental health problem and their caregivers in statutory authorities such as Central and State Mental Health Authority.

• The most progressive features of the Act are the provision of advance directive, nominated a representative, special clause for women and children related to admission, treatment, sanitation and personal hygiene; restriction on the use of Electro-Convulsive Therapy and Psychosurgery.

• Decriminalization of suicide is another significant facet of the Act, which will ensure proper management of severe stress as a precursor for suicide attempts.

Finance Minister Arun Jaitley recently has announced two major initiatives in the health sector, as part of Ayushman Bharat programme. This is aimed at making path-breaking interventions to address health holistically in primary, secondary and tertiary care systems, covering both prevention and health promotion.

THE INITIATIVES ARE AS FOLLOWS:-

(i) Health and Wellness Centre:- The National Health Policy, 2017 has envisioned Health and Wellness Centres as the foundation of India’s health system. Under this 1.5 lakh centres will bring healthcare system closer to the homes of people. These centres will provide comprehensive healthcare, including for non-communicable diseases and maternal and child health services.

These centres will also provide free essential drugs and diagnostic services. The Budget has allocated Rs. 1200 crore for this flagship programme. In adopting these centres is also envisages the contribution of the private sector through CSR and philanthropic institutions.

(ii) National Health Protection Scheme:- The second flagship programme under Ayushman Bharat is National Health Protection Scheme, which will cover over 10 crore poor and vulnerable families (approximately 50 crore beneficiaries) providing coverage up to 5 lakh rupees per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization. This will be the world’s largest government-funded healthcare programme. Adequate funds will be provided for smooth implementation of this programme.

In order to further enhance the accessibility of quality medical education and healthcare, 24 new Government Medical Colleges and Hospitals will be set up, . This would ensure that there is at least 1 Medical College for every 3 Parliamentary Constituencies and at least 1 Government Medical College in each state of the country.

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Insurance Needs to Go Global

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Fri, 11 May 2018 08:54:58 +0000

If the textile industry is permitted to get flammability tests done on garments in Hong Kong then why Insurance companies should not permit clinical and pathological tests (not available in India), which are to be conducted in a foreign country? asks S.K Sethi, an Insurance Expert.

For a hawk of health insurance business, convolutedness of the insurance cover is not a hard nut to crack but for a gullible buyer, it is not a facile task to comprehend its intricacies. Amid growing awareness for the insurance coverage due to the high cost involved in medical treatment at super speciality hospitals, InnoHEALTH magazine interviewed seasoned player of the insurance discipline Mr Sethi, Vice President Insurance Foundation of India and sought answers for simple queries by people.

Mr. Sethi, who is closely following recently announced National Health Protection scheme by the Union government for ten crore poor people and enthusiastically await roll out of the full scheme, said it would herald a new era in the health sector as the country has pan India facilities to implement the plan, but “ only little bit intelligent planning” is warranted.

Also Read: Ten Crore Poor People to Get Health Insurance

EXCERPTS ABOUT INSURANCE

How is the Health Insurance Premium determines?

It depends on the age, sum assured, whether a person to be insured has any pre-existing disease or adverse health conditions. The rates are fixed (approved by IRDA) and are available in the brochure published by the insurance company.

My employer provides me with health insurance coverage. Is it advisable to take another policy on my own?

If the sum assured is good and the company is doing fine then you should think positive and do not go in for the additional sum. When you plan to leave the organization then you must verify from the new employer whether they have suitable sum assured available for you as part of compensation package. If no health insurance is available, then you must buy Health Insurance immediately so that 30 days cooling off period of the new policy (purchased by you) is matching with last 30 days with your employer. Try to have this health insurance from the same Insurance Company.

Will the agent be helpful in settling of claims in future?

Yes, your agent will be helpful. But he is getting 100% of his income from the insurance company and he may be getting .001 % of his income from you. If he has to make a choice, it is natural that he will favour Insurance Company. You are the best person to decide whether to buy directly from the company or through an agent. Theoretically, the agent is supposed to help you in claim settlement, but time will tell when the claim is to be lodged. Be positive and buy it through an agent but better buy through an Insurance Brokerage Firm as it offers a wider choice and is large enough to protect your interests.

How much should you invest in health insurance?

You have to invest according to your health the requirements and the resources you have. You can invest by deciding about your budget for health insurance. If your budget is not a constraint, you can invest by deciding about the sum assured and services required by you.

I might be laid off soon. Should I see my doctor before I lose my insurance?

No purpose will be served by seeing your doctor. You should consult an Insurance Brokerage Firm and buy a health insurance, the policy which should be issued at least 30 days before your last day in your present company. This protects your interest.

Will my health insurance coverage Clinical Trials?
We feel that if treatment is;
1. Part of hospitalization in a reputed hospital like AIIMS, capable of conducting clinical trials under controlled conditions.
2. Under the supervision of a reputed doctor
3. Medical Council (Ministry of Health) approves clinical trials

Then it will be payable. If it does not fulfill these conditions, then you may have difficulty in getting it paid as the issue is around treatment as well as the price of the medicine.

I own a pet and my vet bills are sky-high. Is there such a thing as health insurance for animals?

It depends on a pet. But definitely, it is not part of Health Insurance policy which is for human beings only. Cattle Insurance covers cow and buffalo.

Should I pay my premiums through the agent?

If he is ready to provide you with the service – yes. It is your duty that cheques should reach the insurance company well in time. Not picking up on the cheques by the agent is no excuse. If your cheque has not reached the insurance company on time, your policy may have a break and you may lose the benefits. You can also pay the premium online.

I already have a health insurance policy. Should I still buy a life insurance policy with the riders?

Health Insurance Policy covers your hospitalization needs. Life insurance covers your retirement needs. Adding of critical illness rider will take care of incidence of you getting a critical illness like cancer. Every product is different and fulfills different needs. Study it carefully and make a decision.

Are the new clinical and pathological tests, not available in India and done abroad covered under the mediclaim rules of the country? If no, are efforts being made to do?

Some insurance companies permit you to take the opinion. Your suggestion is very good, and we feel Insurance companies will start offering the same. If the Textile industry is permitted to get flammability tests done on garments in Hong Kong then why Insurance companies should not permit clinical and pathological tests (not available in India), which are to be conducted in the foreign country.

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Skin Patch to Detect ‘Silent’ Heart Attacks

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Fri, 11 May 2018 07:24:37 +0000

The death of his grandfather due to heart attack led Manoj Akash, a class 10th student of Ashok Leyland School in Hosur, Karnataka, to invent skin patch which has to be attached to the wrist or the back of the ear and it will release a small ‘positive’ electrical impulse, which will attract the negatively charged protein released by the heart to signal a heart attack. If the quantity of this protein – FABP3 — is high, the person must seek immediate medical attention.

Since class eight he started visiting the library of the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru – an hour away from his hometown. He could not afford expensive books and journals. Only option left to visit library for this enterprising adolescent who had an extra knack to comprehend complexities of cardiology just because of his penchant for the heart diseases studies. He was chosen for the President’s Innovation Scholar’s In-Residence Programme at Rashtrapati Bhavan.

The 16-year-old says that he investigated a novel concept that could potentially allow patients to detect silent heart attacks by non-invasively sensing the FABP3 biomarker in the bloodstream. ABP3 is a lightweight protein, releases quickly from heart muscle into the bloodstream during a heart attack, and therefore, it is an optimal cardiac diagnostic marker.

According to him, doctors may test a patient’s blood for FABP3. If he or she experiences characteristic symptoms like chest pain. However, not all heart attacks make themselves known through easily noticeable signs. Silent heart attacks, which are becoming increasingly common, are asymptomatic, making them more dangerous than conventional heart attacks.

Patients often “drop dead” while feeling completely normal. This collapse happened to my grandfather on July 3rd, 2015 which served as an impetus for me to find a solution to this problem. In these “silent” cases, doctors are unlikely to administer the crucial FABP3 blood test because there is no visible presentation of symptoms to warrant a diagnostic test. As a result, silent heart attacks go unnoticed.

“I realized that if at-risk patients could test themselves daily for the presence of FABP3 in their blood. They would have higher chances of detecting silent heart attacks as they occur. A method that allows daily self-testing would have to be non-invasive, safe, and easy to use. Ultimately, it would have to involve a transcutaneous blood analysis, which examines the contents of one’s blood without penetrating the skin.

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In searching for ways to tackle this challenging prospect. I examined the various distinguishing characteristics of blood proteins that would allow them to be identified transcutaneously. I found that proteins have distinctive masses and electric charges in blood.

So, I used a model to test whether different magnitudes of charged electricity. When applied to a thin area of skin, would isolate FABP3 from the other blood proteins and attract FABP3 to the capillary walls. My results showed that this is true.

This means that the technique that I investigated can potentially be coupled with transcutaneous UV-protein quantification to non-invasively measure the amount of FABP3 in a patient’s blood and alert him or her of a silent heart attack.”

Help Million Hearts Stay Healthy! Is his web page that narrates his vision.

He was frequenting scientific conventions to further his knowledge in the science field. Internet gave him a lot of insight, he admits Clinical trials for the medical device are on. And it could be approved for a human trial. The product would be fit to be launched in the market after two months of human trial, assuming nothing goes wrong.

“I have already filed for a patent and I would tie up with the department of biotechnology for the trial. I would want the Government of India to take the project instead of selling it to a private company because it is for the public good,” he says on his website.

To monitor, regular use small silicon patch stuck to your wrist or back of your ear. Whether there has been a heart attack instead of waiting for a doctor to prescribe a test.

The patch uses a positively charged electrical impulse to draw negatively charged —protein to the surface; If the amount of FABP3 is high, then the person would need immediate medical attention; Experts recommend to use the device twice a day. The product can soon be in the market. It would cost around R 900, cheaper than a glucometer symptoms at all.

Diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels all put you at risk of a silent heart attack, experts say. Having a silent heart attack puts people at a greater risk of having another heart attack, which could be fatal. Having another heart attack also increases the risk of complications, such as heart failure.

Chest pain, pain in the left arm or shortness is when of breath characterizes a silent heart attack. A silent heart attack may not show symptoms of chest pain and shortness of breath that doesn’t feel heart attack. Akash aims to study cardiology at the country’s premier All India Institute of Medical Sciences in Delhi.

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Exercise in big parks can reduce depression

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Wed, 11 Apr 2018 08:51:44 +0000

Those who exercise in large parks in cities are less prone to depression

Availability of large neighbourhood parks encourages people to increase their physical activity, and those suffering from chronic conditions who regularly exercise in these parks are less prone to major depression, a new study has found. Besides increasing physical activity, regular exposure to outdoor green spaces improves cognitive functioning and lowers mortality risks. This is significant for those with chronic conditions like arthritis, diabetes, asthma and heart diseases as they are the most vulnerable to depression.

The study was done in Delhi, which has several public parks in residential areas. “Large parks in Delhi have diverse landscapes and are more likely to receive regular and frequent visitors, providing an opportunity for regular socialization,” say researchers.

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People who used large-sized neighbourhood parks walked for more than 150 minutes per week, the study found. For overall health, fitness and cognitive maintenance, the World Health Organization recommends adults to engage in 150 minutes of physical activity per week.

Dr. Debarati Mukherjee, lead author of the study says,” High levels of exercise encourage birth of new neurons which aid memory functions and learning.”

Researchers measured the association between park availability and major depression in 1208 adult park-users in Delhi. Major depression was measured using a structured clinical interview. Compared to residents exposed to large parks, major depression was 3.1 times higher among those exposed to small parks. They also showed that large-sized parks reduced stress and increased satisfaction with the immediate living environment.

“There are several mechanisms by which mental health is enhanced by physical activity. This is largely by increasing levels of endorphins in the brain” said Dr Dorairaj Prabhakaran of Public Health Foundation of India and one of the researchers. Endorphins are a group of chemicals that are natural mood elevators.

Dr. Mukherjee says that high levels of exercise encourage birth of new neurons which aid memory functions and learning. Physical activity is also thought to reverse cell and tissue damage as seen in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s.

Researchers point out that negative impact of shrinking green spaces due to rapid socio-economic development in metropolitan cities has not been studied, stressing the need for more studies on the matter. In addition to health benefits, urban green spaces reduce air and noise pollution. They also function as an important habitat islands for urban wildlife.

Certain neighborhoods may enable behaviours that promote mental health, while other residents may find it more restrictive to follow a healthy and happy lifestyle.

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Dr. Mukherjee says, “Our study provides the first empirical evidence of the benefits of availability of parks in the Indian context. It highlights the importance of having large parks near people’s living quarters”. The study could be a model for similar studies in other cities across the country.

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The scientists also recommend inclusion of urban green spaces in city planning to increase overall health of people. Their findings come at an important time whena largescale development in major cities is being undertaken in the country. “This is an opportune moment given that development of sustainable cities is ongoing in 109 cities selected in the SMART Cities Mission. Allocating municipal land for large urban parks should have a high priority,” adds Dr. Prabhakaran.

Altogether, 11 scientists from India, America and United Kingdom contributed to this study. Participating institutions include Centre for Control of Chronic Conditions, Public Health Foundation of India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Rollins School of Public Health USA, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine UK. The findings were recently published in journal Health and Place.

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Read all the issues of InnoHEALTH magazine:
InnoHEALTH Volume 1 Issue 1 (July to September 2016) – https://goo.gl/iWAwN2
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InnoHEALTH Volume 2 Issue 1 (January to March 2017) – https://goo.gl/DEyKnw
InnoHEALTH Volume 2 Issue 2 (April to June 2017) – https://goo.gl/Nv3eev
InnoHEALTH Volume 2 Issue 3 (July to September 2017) – https://goo.gl/MCVjd6
InnoHEALTH Volume 2 Issue 4 (October to December 2017) – http://amzn.to/2B2UMLw
InnoHEALTH Volume 3 Issue 1 (January to March 2018) – https://goo.gl/fksdQx

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