Research Archives - InnoHEALTH magazine

“BREAST CANCER” could prevent Breast Cancer

InnoHEALTH magazine digital team — Mon, 08 Jan 2024 07:11:38 +0000

Take note of the acronym “Breast Cancer” to be aware about the prevention of breast cancer.

October is designated as Breast Cancer Awareness Month. The second most common malignancy among women is breast cancer. A woman has a 1 in 39 (or around 2.5%) chance of dying from breast cancer. Since 1989, there has been a steady fall in the number of breast cancer deaths, with a projected 43% decrease by the year 2020. Better treatments as well as earlier detection of breast cancer through screening and more awareness are thought to be the causes of the decline in death rates. However, in recent years, the trend has marginally halted.

By raising enough awareness of breast cancer prevention and early detection, the decline is still possible. Changes in lifestyle and a few thoughtful suggestions are laid out in the acronym “Breast Cancer”.

B – Be physically active:

The World Health Organization highlights the need for regular exercise. All movement, whether done for recreation, transportation to go to and from locations, or as part of a person’s job, is considered physical exercise. Both vigorous and moderate physical activity are beneficial to health. It has been demonstrated that regular exercise helps control and prevent noncommunicable diseases like diabetes, heart disease, stroke, and several malignancies. Additionally, it lowers blood pressure, supports a healthy body weight, and enhances mental health, wellbeing, and quality of life. Every day, one should engage in at least 30 minutes of exercise.

Both vigorous and moderate physical activity are beneficial to health.

R- Rest Adequately:

Overall, getting enough sleep is essential for preserving our health and wellbeing. Rest aids in preventing injuries and enhancing performance by giving our bodies time to heal. Additionally, it promotes a healthy immune system, eases inflammation, and helps muscles rebuild themselves. Additionally, getting enough sleep lowers stress. Rest means getting enough sleep. A solid 7 to 8 hour sleep cycle is crucial.

E – Eat Healthy:

A range of healthful meals are part of an eating regimen that supports weight management and overall health. Consider adding a variety of colours to your plate as if you were eating the rainbow. Dark, leafy greens, oranges, tomatoes, even fresh herbs, are all incredibly nutrient-dense foods.

A – Avoid Birth Control Pills if possible:

Birth control pill use, whether recent or current, has been demonstrated to slightly increase the risk of breast cancer.

S- Self Breast Examination:

Understanding how to conduct a breast self-examination is crucial. It helps in early detection and can be done monthly.

T – Track Breast Changes:

The alterations the breast experiences make breast cancer symptoms obvious. A woman will notice changes in her breasts’ and nipples’ shapes, discharges, puckered skin, and redness.

Mammograms are for many women the best technique to detect breast cancer at an early stage, when it is less difficult to cure and before it becomes large enough to feel or produce symptoms.

C: Consult a healthcare worker:

It is always beneficial to consult a healthcare professional. They can perform a clinical breast examination that aids in spotting any alterations to the breast tissues. Any changes you notice should be reported for more analysis.

A: Avoid Hormone Replacement Therapy for a long period:

Steer clear of long-term hormone replacement therapy. Long-term usage of hormone replacement therapy has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.

N: Note your weight:

The risk of developing a number of diseases has been connected to weight gain. Obesity is seen as a risk factor for developing breast cancer. It is really crucial.

C: Consider a yearly mammogram:

Take into account a yearly mammogram: Mammograms are for many women the best technique to detect breast cancer at an early stage, when it is less difficult to cure and before it becomes large enough to feel or produce symptoms. Regular mammograms can reduce the risk of breast cancer-related death. Mammograms are typically advised after age 40.

E- Ensure breastfeeding:

Breast cancer risk has been shown to reduce with continued nursing. While a baby can be breastfed exclusively for the first six months of life, it is encouraged to continue nursing for at least two years.

R – Reduce Stress:

Many epidemiological studies have looked into the connection between stress and cancer and have found that there may be a causal relationship.

“Composed by: Ms. Frincy Francis’s passion is to teach nursing students the art of maternity nursing and shape them into empathetic nurses. Following this passion, she fulfilled her career as a nurse.Currently she is employed as lecturer in the Maternal and Child Health Dept in Muscat, Oman.”

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Digital health implementation with advanced technologies and research

InnoHEALTH magazine digital team — Tue, 07 Mar 2023 06:20:54 +0000

Prof. Ranjan Bose is currently the Director of IIIT-Delhi. Prior to joining IIIT-Delhi, he was Microsoft Chair Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering at IIT Delhi. He has also served as the Head of Bharti School of Telecom Technology and Management and as the founding Head of Center of Excellence in Cyber Systems and Information Assurance at IIT Delhi. He received his B.Tech. degree in Electrical Engineering from IIT Kanpur and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA. He is the author of the book Information Theory, Coding and Cryptography (3rd Ed.).

In an interview with Mr. Sachin Gaur, Executive Editor discussed the digital implementation at institute level in sync with advanced technologies and research

1. Technical Institutes are primarily teaching institutes. IIIT Delhi, however, seems greatly focused on research. Could you share with us how the research in the Institute is organized?

Today, the focus of Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) is shifting from being purely teaching institutes to more research-oriented, and also setting up a healthy ecosystem for innovation leading to entrepreneurship. IIIT-D recognizes the importance of this triple helix of education-research-entrepreneurship. At IIIT-D, all faculty members are strongly encouraged to carry out cutting-edge research and publish their work at top venues. The Institute runs a strong yet flexible Ph.D. program where interested students can join the program around the year. Many UG students also are initiated into research through projects, and several UG students publish at top conferences. Exemplary research is recognized through research excellence awards. The research contributions of all faculty members are externally reviewed by domain experts yearly as a part of their annual appraisals, and constructive feedback is provided to the faculty members. External research funding is an important instrument for the sustainability of the research ecosystem, and sponsored projects are essential for strengthening a curiosity-driven and applications-inspired research culture in higher education institutes. The Innovation, Research and Development (IRD) division, headed by a Dean, is responsible for strengthening the research ecosystem at the Institute. It organizes internal grant-writing workshops regularly. The Institute has recently started its internal ‘grand challenges program’ where it funds 1-2 key moonshot ideas. There is also a strong penchant for international collaborative research at IIIT-D. Faculty members frequently consult for industry, and there is an enabling mechanism for that at the Institute. IIIT-Delhi organizes an annual outreach event called Research, Innovation, and Incubation Showcase (RIISE). In April 2022, the RIISE event had eight key themes – Artificial Intelligence, Core Research, Cyber-Physical Systems, Design, Healthcare, Lab to Market/ Start-ups, Sustainability, and Technology as a Public Good.

2. In your vision, how can India be leading in new technological advances, especially for ground breaking R&D to happen at institutes like IIIT Delhi? What can we do to move forward?

Technological advances have to come at two levels. First, there are a large number of practical problems and on-the-ground challenges which need technological intervention, often involving deep-tech. The second set of problems pertains to groundbreaking technological advancements that can ‘move the needle’. Research-led institutes have a significant role to play in both dimensions. The research institutes should be fertile ground for industry, government, and academic collaboration. HEIs must create an ecosystem that enables applied research, often with industry partnerships. Internal grand challenges programs should be implemented because they can act as catalysts. Research questions should be taken up where both the risks and rewards are high, and the likely impact on society is most promising. Provisions should also be made to recognize and reward ‘grand-failures .’ For this, close interaction with the industry is a must. There has to be an inbuilt mechanism for seamlessly identifying deep-tech research that can be ‘translated’ to impactful products. Finally, it should be reiterated that science should ask consequential questions, and technology matters only if it can improve human lives.

IIIT-Delhi is deeply committed to carrying out meaningful and impactful research with the dual purpose of pushing the knowledge boundaries and achieving the national goal of technological self-reliance. IIIT-D has nine research Centers (including the Center for AI, Design and New Media, Healthcare, Sustainable Mobility, Quantum Technologies, etc.) which are all interdisciplinary, and where a lot of industry-focused translational research is carried out. The faculty members at the Institute are engaged in solving some pressing societal problems and developing scalable solutions. These span the entire gamut, including the integrated federated healthcare platform, the contactless ticketing project for the NCR, improving maternal healthcare for ASHA workers, an autonomous mobile robot for Delhi roads, low-cost healthcare devices, etc. Some futuristic ideas being explored include Brain-Computer Interface to augment attention, AI to uncover carcinogenic human metabolites, CCTV-based Crime Retrieval and Multi-modal Surveillance, Computational gastronomy, etc. The Institute is also actively contributing to the Delhi Research Implementation and Innovation (DRIIV) program supported by the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser, Government of India, for solving emerging challenges in the national capital region.

3. Health Sector Professionals in India lack awareness of emerging technologies. How do you think IIIT can contribute to capacity building?

There is a definite need to increase technological awareness among Health Sector Professionals. IIIT-D has a strong commitment to upskilling and reskilling, and has been in sync with the needs of the industry in terms of capacity building. The Center of Excellence in Healthcare at IIIT-D is already making scientific advances in data-driven public health through research, education, and engagement with industry and policy. The Center is also planning to design training programs for health sector professionals.

Additionally, medical robots and autonomous machines in the medical field are transforming how surgeries are performed and freeing up quality time for doctors to engage with patients. The technology innovation hubs (TiH) of IIIT-D and IITD have together set up India’s first Medical Cobotics Center at IIIT-D. In the near future, this Center will be a technology-enabled medical simulation/ training facility for young resident doctors, besides acting as a validation center for the research outcomes in healthcare robotics and digital health. The Centre would facilitate training healthcare professionals, paramedical staff, technicians, engineers, and researchers.

4. The Health sector comprises sensitive data. Especially in India, we are planning for digital health to go mainstream. What are your suggestions for safeguarding the future of the Indian health sector against cyber threats?

To make the Indian health sector robust against cyber threats, one would need a multi-pronged approach:

There is an immediate need to set up national standards to protect sensitive patient health information, and to prevent it from being disclosed without the patient’s consent or knowledge. The current legal framework in India offers limited data protection under the Information Technology Act, 2000. The standardization activity will lead to better data collection (also crucial from the application of AI), more secure data storage, and responsible data sharing.

We expect healthcare data to become increasingly interoperable; therefore, adequate measures must be put in place for data security. Sharing healthcare data also means sharing the risks inherent in protecting that data. All critical databases should be continuously backed up, and proactive steps should be taken to reduce the attack surface. The weakest link in the chain is often the person operating the system. Therefore, regular cyber-hygiene training should be mandatory in organizations dealing with health-related data, and all ‘large’ medical establishments should have a Chief Cyber Security Officer (CSSO).

The quest for ‘data security’ is a journey with no finish line. Hence, adequate resources need to be continuously allocated for research to build future frameworks for better protection of sensitive healthcare information. Many of these research activities can be carried out in academic institutions (like IIIT-D) in partnership with hospitals. During such research and developmental activities, testing is often done using real-life data. During the development and testing phase, all sensitive data should be anonymized before use.

The use of AI-based Healthcare chatbots and conversational AI-powered tools is expected to grow exponentially. The benefits range from providing timely access to pertinent, precise, and accurate healthcare information to keeping track of follow-ups, cancellations, and patient satisfaction. However, while designing these chatbots, one has to be careful about issues related to explicit consent-to-use healthcare data, safety and transparency, data privacy, and, most importantly, algorithmic fairness and biases. Healthcare is a lot about trust in the system, and the failure of trust and accountability has to be prudently guarded for AI-enabled healthcare systems.

Finally, we should always be aware of what technology ‘can do’ and ‘cannot do’ in healthcare.

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Nasal Spray for Treating Depression

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Wed, 30 Oct 2019 05:54:07 +0000

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ketamine on 6th March 2019 —a ketamine like nasal spray, which is to be taken in conjunction with one of the commonly used oral antidepressants —to help in treating a form of depression called treatment resistant depression (TRD). TRD is a condition that typically affects people suffering from major depressive disorders (MDD). The key feature of TRD is the inability to respond adequately to at least two antidepressant treatments.

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The drug is administered via the nasal route, where it is absorbed by the nasal lining into the bloodstream. Part of the promise that ketamine holds, lies in the role it plays in swiftly alleviating depressive symptoms. Esketamine is reported to show statistically significant effects as quickly as a matter of days, as against the traditional antidepressant treatments that can take several weeks before showing any results.

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“There has been a long-standing need for additional effective treatments for treatment-resistant depression, a serious and life-threatening condition,” said Tiffany Farchione, MD, Acting Director of the Division of Psychiatry Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, in a press release announcing its approval. Unsurprisingly, the FDA’s approval has been hailed as a landmark milestoneby its advocates.

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Given the potential risk of abuse and the risk of serious adverse outcomes, like sedation and dissociation (disconnect in a person’s thoughts, memories and a sense of identity) among others, associated with administering of the drug, the drug will only be available through a restricted distributed system. In addition, the drug will only be administered in a clinical setting where patients are required to stay back and be monitored for a few hours.

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Ketamine as a drug has been around for many years and has been used off-label to treat depression. Many psychiatrists in India provide ketamine infusion therapy, which is essentially ketamine administered intravenously, as it is felt to be beneficial during emergencies and especially in patients diagnosed with suicidal ideation.

Innovative Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Life

An average of about 4.4% of the world and 5.9% of the United States’ population, suffer from varying degrees of depression and the incidence in India is not vastly different at 4.5%. Insuch a scenario, where the incidence rates are similar, treatment options for depression available around the world are required to be made available here in India as well. It is, therefore, incumbent on all the stakeholders to deliberate the efficacy and the potential harm of the drug expeditiously, and if found suitable for the Indian population, fast track its availability.

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Despite Ketamine’s success in giving the patient a new impetus to recovery, it is important to sustain the gain. All aspects of a patient’s disease, from the physical to the psychological and from the social to the environmental need to be addressed. Ketamine is really a shift in thinking about and acting on depression, which really represents a leap in terms of new ideas for tackling the disease.

About the author

Preetam Satish is the co-founder of a health-tech company Virtual Clinic. He is also a stakeholder in Maarga Hospital, a psychiatry hospital based in Bangalore. Mr. Satish is passionate about mental health and has written an article about the new and emerging treatments available for depression. He has also written about how Ketamine is important to fast track the availability of some of these known and well-entrenched therapies to address the needs of mental health in India.

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Innovative Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Life

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Thu, 17 Oct 2019 09:37:15 +0000

From the inception of medical science, there is heavy reliance on research to find ways to detect and combat dreadful medical conditions. While the many of the diseases known are curable thanks to the advances in technology and innovations in research, there are still some that call for more attention and a more precise treatment plan.
One such medical condition is Sepsis – a life-threatening disease affecting more than 30 million people globally every year. Sepsis is a medical condition when the body’s response to a present infection damages its own tissues and organs resulting in death or serious illness. If not treated at the initial stages sepsis can trigger low blood pressure resulting in organ malfunction or even worse, a condition called septic shock.
Antibiotic treatment of sepsis patients often relies on clinical observation and educated guesswork as clinicians wait for a culture to determine whether the infection is bacterial, viral, or possibly fungal. But with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) recent approval of automated platforms for procalcitonin assays and mounting evidence of PCT’s value as a biomarker, hospital laboratories are turning to PCT to diagnose sepsis and guide antimicrobial stewardship.
The world has acknowledged sepsis as a life-threatening condition and a challenge for the medical industry to combat. The Global Sepsis Alliance is an organisation working at the forefront to increase awareness about the disease and globally.
Over the past six years, Thermo Fisher has worked with the Global Sepsis Alliance and other advocates to raise awareness of the signs and symptoms of sepsis.
Thermo Fisher Scientific- a world leader in serving science is committed to providing exceptional laboratory tools to assess the risk of bacterial infection relating to sepsis with the B·R·A·H·M·S PCT (Procalcitonin) biomarker assay. The B∙R∙A∙H∙M∙S PCT assay provides information on the presence and severity of bacterial infection, helping physicians in emergency departments, intensive care units and other critical care units decide whether to initiate antibiotic therapy in patients and when to safely discontinue antibiotics in patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and sepsis, without compromising patient safety.
B·R·A·H·M·S PCT (Procalcitonin) supports responsible use of antibiotics
The overuse of antibiotics is a global problem but the B·R·A·H·M·S Procalcitonin assay can help guide the judicious use of antibiotics. Credible evidence from several reproducible, randomized clinical trials with more than 10,000 patients support B·R·A·H·M·S PCT as an effective tool to safely reduce antibiotic exposure in patients. It has a proven utility across diverse clinical settings. In addition to other clinical criteria, these assays enable quick decision making by the clinicians, be it for starting antibiotic therapy or its safe discontinuation. B·R·A·H·M·S PCT greatly helps to reduce prescriptions, tailor the therapy duration to individual patient needs and finally supports to save costs.
There is a sheer need to develop and manufacture novel diagnostic testing tools that not only improve early diagnosis and treatment of life- threatening diseases like Sepsis, but also to provide high-quality immunodiagnostic assays to immensely support medical professionals and patients to get closer to a future without such dreadful infections.

About the author

Mr. Amit Chopra, Managing Director India and, Middle-East, Thermo Fisher Scientific
Amit joined Thermo Fisher Scientific India in May 2007 as Managing Director for their Laboratory Products Group in India, and was named Managing Director & VP/GM for Thermo Fisher’s India operations in March 2011. Amit has taken on additional responsibility for the Middle East region w.e.f. 2017.

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Digital Diabetes Management Market

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Fri, 21 Jun 2019 11:14:48 +0000

Diabetes is one of the worst nightmares that is spreading like a wildfire in all the regions of the world. According to the International Diabetes Federation, almost one in every ten people suffer from diabetes and the number is expected to increase further,if proper measures are not taken. The hectic lifestyles and changing food habits of people across the globe make them more vulnerable to this epidemic. For a long period of time, oral drugs, blood glucose monitoring devices, insulin pumps, and others are supporting diabetic people to control their blood sugar levels. However, the advent of new technologies has taken this to an all new level.

The rapid adoption of technology in healthcare also touched the area of diabetes care management; digitizing the available methods to provide more comfort and simplicity to the affected people. The sudden wave of smartphones had a great impact on the digital diabetes care as it brings forth several smart apps that help the consumers to track their blood glucose levels, diet and physical activities, sleep pattern, and so on at their fingertips. More innovations are being carried out to provide more compact and efficient solutions to diabetic people, especially the geriatric population in remote areas of the world.

The Global Digital Diabetes Management Market is is expected to cross around USD 20 billion by the end of 2024, registering a CAGR value of 24% during 2019 to 2025; as per the research report published by Research Cosmos.The growing adoption of technology and increasing acceptance of smart applications by consumers along with the extensive spread of diabetes in all the demographics, people are expected to drive the demand for digital diabetic solutions. The major benefit of these solutions is that they can be availed within the comfort of home, without any hospital visits or medical professional support. The portability offered by these digital solutions allows the patients to carry them anywhere without any hassle.

One of the most noteworthy trends in digital diabetes management is the introduction of wearable devices. These devices can be worn on the body with much ease and are capable to provide round the clock assistance to the consumer, along with the maintenance of style quotient. The advantage of these wearable could be continuous monitoring of the blood glucose levels of the person, providing required amounts of insulin to body without any external assistance, sharing patient condition to respective healthcare provider or doctor, providing regular alerts about health status, offering suggestions to improve health and so on and so forth.

The increasing acceptance for digital diabetes management has pushed many manufacturers in healthcare to concentrate more on the development of innovative solutions to grab the major chunk of the world profits. Several acquisitions, mergers, collaborations and new product launches have become the important strategy of many leading players to improve their market holdings. One such popular event in the recent years is the partnership of digital diabetes platform provider GlucoMe with the leading German pharmaceutical company Merck KGaA to offer the digital diabetes platform services to various hospitals in Vietnam, which has one of the fastest growing diabetic cases in the Asia-Pacific.

The major challenge these digital solutions face is to reach the rural population in many developing regions of the world. The lack of awareness about the availability of these features due to the improper publicity and initiatives from the government can be a stronghold for this market. Additionally, the high costs of smart devices and unstructured regularization of the products, which can lead to the availability of counterfeit products that are harmful to the body could act as limiting factors for the rapid adoption of the digital diabetes solutions among the global population.

However, the future looks more promising for the digital care in diabetes with the augmenting innovations in the technology such as data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI). These technologies will further intensify the services offered currently at more affordable prices. In particular, AI will play a prominent role in the increasing efficiency and care of these solutions. Similarly, the added style factor in wearable devices by several manufactures around the world will further create huge demand for digital diabetic solutions. Furthermore, the growing elderly population of the world, who prefer home healthcare will become the lucrative segment of end-users for these devices; pulling the market players to focus more on this section.

Globally, North America has been the demanding region with the significant market share in digital diabetes management market. The contribution from the developed nations of this region like the USA, Canada and Mexico has been tremendous in the recent years. The increasing cases of diabetes, rapid adoption of advanced technologies in medical care, sophisticated healthcare infrastructure, mounting number of geriatric populations, awareness about the benefits of these devices among the population and the favourable government reimbursements have been the driving factors for the growing demand of digital diabetes management in the North American nations.

Some of the prominent names in the global digital diabetes management market are Abbott Laboratories, Merck KGaA, Roche Diagnostics, AgaMatrix, Glooko Inc, Tandem Diabetes Care, Medtronic, Dexcom, Lifescan, DarioHealth, Tidepool, Insulet Corporation, B. Braun, Ascensia Diabetes Care, and others. All these players are investing in their R&D activities to implement and introduce more innovative solutions in the world digital diabetes management market.

About the author:

Kevin Stewart is currently working with Research Cosmos as Market Research Manager; a firm that does Global Market Intelligence.

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Religious People Live Four Years Longer Than Atheists

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Fri, 23 Nov 2018 08:54:21 +0000

If you are a religious person then there is the chance that you live on an average four years longer than your agnostic and atheist peers. A study in the United States asserted this about religious people and analyzed their four years boost in more ways than one. The difference between practicing worshippers and those who were not part of a religious group could be down to a mix of social support, stress-relieving practices and abstaining from unhealthy habits, the authors suggest.

The Ohio State University research was based on a new nationwide study of obituaries. It has found that people with religious affiliations lived nearly four years longer than those with no ties to religion. That four-year boost – found in an Analysis of more than 1,000 obits from around the country– was calculated after taking into account the sex and marital status of those who died, two factors that have strong effects on lifespan. The boost was slightly larger (6.48 years) in a smaller study of obituaries published in a Des Moines, Iowa, newspaper.

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“Religious affiliation had nearly as strong an effect on longevity as gender does, which is a matter of years of life,” said Laura Wallace, lead author of the study and a doctoral student in psychology at the Ohio State University.

The researchers found that part of the reason for the boost in longevity came from the fact that many religiously affiliated people also volunteered and belonged to social organizations, which previous research has linked to living longer. In addition, the study showed how the effects of religion on longevity might depend in part on the personality and average religiosity of the cities where people live, Baldwin Way, an Associate Professor at Ohio State University said.

The first study involved 505 obituaries published in the Des Moines Register in January and February 2012. In addition to noting the age and any religious affiliation of those who died, the researchers also documented sex, marital status and the number of social and volunteer activities listed. Results showed that those whose obit listed a religious affiliation lived 9.45 years longer than those who didn’t. The gap shrunk to 6.48 years after gender and marital status was taken into account.

The second study included 1,096 obituaries from 42 major cities in the United States published on newspaper websites between August 2010 and August 2011. In this study, people whose obits mentioned a religious affiliation lived an average of 5.64 years longer than those whose obits did not, which shrunk to 3.82 years after gender and marital status were considered.

Many studies have shown that people who volunteer and participate in social groups tend to live longer than others. So, the researchers combined data from both studies to see if the volunteer and social opportunities that religious groups offer might explain the longevity boost. Results showed that this was only part of the reason why religious people lived longer. “We found that volunteerism and involvement in social organizations only accounted for a little less than one year of the longevity boost that religious affiliation provided,” Wallace said. “There’s still a lot of the benefit of religious affiliation that this can’t explain.”

So what else explains how religion helps people live longer? It may be related to the rules and norms of many religions that restrict unhealthy practices such as alcohol and drug use and having sex with many partners, Way said. In addition, “many religions promote stress-reducing practices that may improve health, such as gratitude, prayer or meditation,” he said.

The fact that the researchers had data from many cities also allowed them to investigate whether the level of religiosity in a city and a city’s “personality” could affect how religious affiliation influenced longevity. The findings showed that a key personality element related to longevity in each city was the importance placed on conformity to community values and norms. In highly religious cities where conformity was important, religious people tended to live longer than nonreligious people. But in some cities, there is a spillover effect.

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Way said there are limitations to the study, including the fact that it could not control for important factors related to longevity such as race and health behaviors. But a potential strength was that, unlike other studies, religious affiliation was not self-reported, but was reported by the obituary writer.

Overall, the study provided additional support to the growing number of studies showing that religion does have a positive effect on health, Wallace said. Other authors on the study were Rebecca Anthony, who is in her final year of medical school at Ohio State University, and Christian End, associate professor of psychology at Xavier University. The study was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health.

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Skin Patch to Detect ‘Silent’ Heart Attacks

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Fri, 11 May 2018 07:24:37 +0000

The death of his grandfather due to heart attack led Manoj Akash, a class 10th student of Ashok Leyland School in Hosur, Karnataka, to invent skin patch which has to be attached to the wrist or the back of the ear and it will release a small ‘positive’ electrical impulse, which will attract the negatively charged protein released by the heart to signal a heart attack. If the quantity of this protein – FABP3 — is high, the person must seek immediate medical attention.

Since class eight he started visiting the library of the Indian Institute of Science in Bengaluru – an hour away from his hometown. He could not afford expensive books and journals. Only option left to visit library for this enterprising adolescent who had an extra knack to comprehend complexities of cardiology just because of his penchant for the heart diseases studies. He was chosen for the President’s Innovation Scholar’s In-Residence Programme at Rashtrapati Bhavan.

The 16-year-old says that he investigated a novel concept that could potentially allow patients to detect silent heart attacks by non-invasively sensing the FABP3 biomarker in the bloodstream. ABP3 is a lightweight protein, releases quickly from heart muscle into the bloodstream during a heart attack, and therefore, it is an optimal cardiac diagnostic marker.

According to him, doctors may test a patient’s blood for FABP3. If he or she experiences characteristic symptoms like chest pain. However, not all heart attacks make themselves known through easily noticeable signs. Silent heart attacks, which are becoming increasingly common, are asymptomatic, making them more dangerous than conventional heart attacks.

Patients often “drop dead” while feeling completely normal. This collapse happened to my grandfather on July 3rd, 2015 which served as an impetus for me to find a solution to this problem. In these “silent” cases, doctors are unlikely to administer the crucial FABP3 blood test because there is no visible presentation of symptoms to warrant a diagnostic test. As a result, silent heart attacks go unnoticed.

“I realized that if at-risk patients could test themselves daily for the presence of FABP3 in their blood. They would have higher chances of detecting silent heart attacks as they occur. A method that allows daily self-testing would have to be non-invasive, safe, and easy to use. Ultimately, it would have to involve a transcutaneous blood analysis, which examines the contents of one’s blood without penetrating the skin.

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In searching for ways to tackle this challenging prospect. I examined the various distinguishing characteristics of blood proteins that would allow them to be identified transcutaneously. I found that proteins have distinctive masses and electric charges in blood.

So, I used a model to test whether different magnitudes of charged electricity. When applied to a thin area of skin, would isolate FABP3 from the other blood proteins and attract FABP3 to the capillary walls. My results showed that this is true.

This means that the technique that I investigated can potentially be coupled with transcutaneous UV-protein quantification to non-invasively measure the amount of FABP3 in a patient’s blood and alert him or her of a silent heart attack.”

Help Million Hearts Stay Healthy! Is his web page that narrates his vision.

He was frequenting scientific conventions to further his knowledge in the science field. Internet gave him a lot of insight, he admits Clinical trials for the medical device are on. And it could be approved for a human trial. The product would be fit to be launched in the market after two months of human trial, assuming nothing goes wrong.

“I have already filed for a patent and I would tie up with the department of biotechnology for the trial. I would want the Government of India to take the project instead of selling it to a private company because it is for the public good,” he says on his website.

To monitor, regular use small silicon patch stuck to your wrist or back of your ear. Whether there has been a heart attack instead of waiting for a doctor to prescribe a test.

The patch uses a positively charged electrical impulse to draw negatively charged —protein to the surface; If the amount of FABP3 is high, then the person would need immediate medical attention; Experts recommend to use the device twice a day. The product can soon be in the market. It would cost around R 900, cheaper than a glucometer symptoms at all.

Diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels all put you at risk of a silent heart attack, experts say. Having a silent heart attack puts people at a greater risk of having another heart attack, which could be fatal. Having another heart attack also increases the risk of complications, such as heart failure.

Chest pain, pain in the left arm or shortness is when of breath characterizes a silent heart attack. A silent heart attack may not show symptoms of chest pain and shortness of breath that doesn’t feel heart attack. Akash aims to study cardiology at the country’s premier All India Institute of Medical Sciences in Delhi.

Want to write for InnoHEALTH? send us your article at magazine@innovatiocuris.com

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Re-Shaping of Healthcare Through Innovations

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Fri, 01 Dec 2017 11:04:09 +0000

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The World economy is changing drastically from agriculture to manufacturing to services. Among all services, healthcare services are one of the significant contributors to the economic growth. Further, it has become easy to implement due to advances in information and communication technologies (ICT ), Internet of Things (IoT), efficient network of organisations. IoT is a network of organisations based on their complementarity strengths / resources available. IoT is connecting homes, cars cities as never before to make life simple and more comfortable [1].

Innovations has become critical capability of many business organisations including healthcare organisations. New technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT), nano technology, semiconductor products, stem cells, genetic engineering are driving the healthcare across the world. Among all, medical sciences have advanced significantly in terms of adopting latest technologies throughout the process of care delivery. Innovations in healthcare industry primarily aimed at improving quality of life, life expectancy, treatment options and cost efficiency.

Healthcare Innovation can be defined as the introduction of a new concept, idea, service, process, or product aimed at improving treatment, diagnosis, education, outreach, prevention and research and with the long term goals of improving quality of life, safety, outcomes, efficiency and costs [2].

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There are several innovations happened in healthcare delivery. Some of these are given below (figure 1):

• Product innovation
• Process Innovation
• Service design Innovation
• Service delivery Innovation
• Business model Innovation
Innovations in healthcare improves adaptation and affordability.

Product Innovation is concerned with introduction of new types of goods and services for the external markets. This includes significant improvements in technical specifications, components and materials, software, user friendliness or other functional characteristics. Examples include wearable devices, portable ECG of GE, Intra Ocular lens of Aravind Eye Hospital, Jaipur foot etc. These innovations help in generating incremental revenues [2]. Some of the main products include patient monitoring devices, home care and health and fitness. Wearable devices market is growing at the rate of 4.8% on year-on-year growth [3].

Process Innovation is mainly implementation of a new or significantly improved production or delivery method. This includes significant changes in techniques, equipment and/or software. These innovations help in improving internal capabilities and quality improvement [2]. Some of the examples include use of computerisation of medical records, improvement in the use of medical equipment like in Aravind Eye Hospital where surgical equipment is being used for two tables.

Service Design Innovation mainly focus on design of man-machine system compatibility including customisation of devices and its functioning. For example, customising the pulse rate of pacemaker implanted to a patient. Examples include telemedicine, mobile healthcare units, small clinics in the vicinity of patients, collaboration with other stakeholders etc. Figure 3 shows

Service Delivery Innovation include the use of new methods in delivering the service and helps in cost reduction as well as turnaround time of care delivery. This include innovation in medication, surgical interventions, procedure etc.

For example, use of iphone for taking picture of eye and checking for preliminary diagnosis in place of a computer or other equipment. MRI, CT Scan, Cataract surgery etc. Figure 4 shows arrangement of eye check-up equipment on a two wheeler which can reach to the location where four wheeler mobile unit cannot reach.

Apart from these four innovations, one of the most important one is business model innovation. This is mainly focuses on number of alternatives and pricing of products and services. Examples include offering two or three options for surgical services along with other support services like room with air conditioner or without air conditioner etc. Providing enough number of winning alternatives refers to business model innovation.

Diffusion of innovations in healthcare requires acceptance of innovations by the different stakeholders mainly the care receivers (patients), care givers (doctors and others). This requires alignment of knowledge, technology and institutionalisation of practices. Innovations in healthcare helps government to provide conducive environment for innovation and collaboration opportunity between public and private organisations. Facilitate in implementing healthcare initiatives in large scale by optimising resources and their deployment.

References:

1. S rivastava S C and Shainesh G (2015), Bridging the service divide through digitally enabled service innovations: Evidence from Indian Healthcare service providers, MIS Quarterly, Vol 39(1), pp: 245-267.

2. O machonu V K and Einspruch N G (2010), Innovations in Healthcare delivery systems: A conceptual framework, The Innovation Journal: the public sector innovation journal, vol. 15(1), pp: 1-20.

3. http://www.todaysmedicaldevelopments.com/article/wearable-medical-devices-2016-market-72816/
https://www.innovation.cc/scholarly-style/omachonu_ healthcare _3innovate2.pdf

About the author

S Venkat is an Associate Professor in Operations Management at IIM Lucknow, India. His interests include healthcare operations management, affordable healthcare design for bottom of the pyramid consumers, Managing operations in religious organisations etc.

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SMART MIRROR AND KIONATIK

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Thu, 10 Aug 2017 09:28:19 +0000

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Smart Mirror And Kionatik
Dr. Avantika Batish is working as Director Strategy and Healthcare at International Health Emergency Learning and Preparedness. Also, guest faculty for MBA (HR) and MBA Healthcare Management at various B-Schools and is a soft skills trainer.

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The Ministry of Health and Prevention (MOHAP) has announced the launch of a new set of innovative health services featuring futuristic technology solutions – particularly artificial intelligence (AI) during its participation at Arab Health 2017.

His Excellency Al Ketbi, has announced the launch of the Smart Mirror which is the first of its kind globally to allows patients to analyze their body’s temperature, pulse, weight, height, and their body mass index. It also features a weather forecast component that can be utilized by looking through the mirror.

The Smart Mirror is an active tool for patients suffering from diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, as well as blood pressure problems, as it monitors their weight, height, blood pressure and body temperature. The Chatbot service is driven by basic artificial intelligence software and facilitates ‘smart’ online chats that help reduce healthcare cost as well as improve the flow of health services.

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The interactive AI facility can assist the Ministry by mimicking human conversations to answer questions which can also be integrated with other software platforms to allow other communication activities such as sending messages and holding telemedicine conferences via Skype with a physician.

Another smart technology, ‘Kiomatik’, will welcome patients and guests and perform other reception duties via an innovative system, motion tracking, a high-definition camera, and three-dimensional display devices embedded in a robot.

It will also provide necessary information about the health facilities, set appointments, and answer basic questions from patients.

The Kiomatik Beacon technology also operates as a wireless device with face-recognition capability. The patient is immediately recognized upon arrival at the health facility and informed about his or her schedule which will appear at the reception platform without the assistance of any hospital employee.

Kiomatik reduces the need for computers and other announcement systems as medical staff can use the apps installed on smart watches and smartphones to communicate with patients and inform them whenever they need to visit a health facility for examination.

An advanced self-registration service ‘Kiosk’ can recognize patients’ faces using a 17-inch screen that registers them upon arrival at the hospital or medical center. This pioneering technology is still currently under research and development.

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Read all the issues of InnoHEALTH magazine:
InnoHEALTH Volume 2 Issue 3 (July to September 2017) – https://goo.gl/MCVjd6
InnoHEALTH Volume 2 Issue 2 (April to June 2017) – https://goo.gl/Nv3eev
InnoHEALTH Volume 1 Issue 2 (October to December 2016) – https://goo.gl/4GGMJz
InnoHEALTH Volume 1 Issue 1 (July to September 2016) – https://goo.gl/iWAwN2

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BRINGING DIVERSE SET OF STAKEHOLDERS MAKES THE MARKET READY FOR R&D!

InnoHEALTH Magazine — Tue, 16 May 2017 11:03:33 +0000

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Bringing diverse set of stakeholders makes the market ready for R&D!

Eva Makienko, the Director of the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, introduces the studies conducted and applied solutions developed at the Centre located in Estonia, Europe.

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The IC magazine team interacted with the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation in Estonia. Below are some excerpts from the interaction.

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Can you share a bit about the objective of your centre?

The mission of the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, located in Estonia, Europe, is preserving and restoring the working capacity of the working-age population through research and development in the fields of curative mud treatment as well as mobility and operational capacity.

International Cooperation

The Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation was founded in Estonia, in 2011 on the basis of Tallinn University Haapsalu College. Its formation was supported by the regional preconditions of development in the fields of mobility and operational capacity (Haapsalu Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, Tallinn University Haapsalu College) and curative mud treatment (curative mud mining, traditions of mud treatment, spas in Estonia), which had the potential for international export. The partners of the Centre include organisations from the public and private sectors as well as universities (e.g. Tallinn University, University of Tartu, Tartu University Hospital, Haapsalu Neurological Rehabilitation Centre, Estonian Spa Association, spas, the municipality of Haapsalu).

Haapsalu Neurological Rehabilitation Centre (founded in 1958), a partner of the Centre of Excellence, offers high-level modern and evidence-based rehabilitation services that is founded on teamwork and participates in health studies. Altogether the hospital has a staff of 130 (doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, psychologists, and social workers).

In the field of mobility and operational capacity the Centre develops cooperation with rehabilitation specialists from Europe and all over the world (cooperation partners thus far include for example Shriners Hospitals for Children Greenville South Carolina USA, Karolinska Institutet, Uppsala Universitet, Lunds Universitet, Sahlgrenska Academy at the Göteborg University Sweden, University of Nijmegen Holland).

In the field of curative mud treatment, international cooperation has been developed with, for example, the Baltic and North Sea Rehabilitation Association (Prof. Aivars Vetra from Riga University, Prof. Cristoph Gutenbrunneri from Hannover University); Prof. Elena Ilieva from Plovdiv University, General Secretary of the European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine; European Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, the leader of the Balneology group Prof. Pedro Cantista from Portugal; Prof. Jose Maria Carbajo (Instituto Nacional de Investigation of Madrid).

In addition, the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation participates in international cooperation through its networks of partners connected to the Centre’s focus areas (such as the clusters Connected Health, SportEst, etc).

Laboratories of the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation

The Centre’s research and development activities are conducted in its four laboratories: Mud Product Development, Health Promotion and Product Design Laboratories that are located in the same building with Tallinn University Haapsalu College and the Medical Rehabilitation Laboratory, equipped with excellent European-level high-technology equipment, in Haapsalu Neurological Rehabilitation Centre.

The Centre’s research and development in the field of curative mud treatment and the field of mobility and operational capacity are conducted mainly in the aforementioned four laboratories. In the period of 2012-2015 the Centre conducted 14 studies, based on which useful, applied product conceptions and solutions are created to further improve health products and services.

Research in the Field of Curative Mud Treatment, Useful Solutions

In 2012-2015 the Centre’s curative mud experts took samples from all of the five official mud deposits in Estonia and analysed them with an XRF device. The proportion of mineral and organic matter in the samples was determined. Altogether the database contains the data from the analyses of 145 samples, which have been thermogravimetrically analysed and whose content of organics, minerals and carbonates has been determined. In addition, 24 main chemical elements (Si, Al, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zr, Ti, Ba, Th, Nb, Sr, V), potentially toxic heavy metals (Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd) and non-metals (P, S, Br, Cl) have been determined.

As a result of the Centre’s organic and biochemical studies in the field of curative mud treatment, it has been ascertained that Estonian curative mud contains biologically active substances that cause its therapeutic effect and that Estonian curative mud does not contain substances harmful to the human body. The research results of the Centre in the field of curative mud treatment are an output for further product development and further application in medicine, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry, etc.

From April 2013 to September 2014 over 150 industrial workers of Lääne County with work-related shoulder and arm overstrain were tested during the study “Assessing the curative effect of Haapsalu curative mud in the treatment of work-related musculoskeletal overload diseases and/or syndromes of working age population in developing new curative mud products/services”. The effects of general and local mud treatment as well as heat therapy were studied. In 10 procedures, patients with light to moderate musculoskeletal pain experienced a statistically significant improvement in blood circulation, proved by Laser Doppler. In addition, they experienced decrease in muscle strain, measured by a myotonometer. On the basis of the clinical studies conducted by the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, it can be said that balneological treatment, including mud treatment, is effective in the complex of early treatment of workers with overload pain.

These results show that spa treatment, including mud treatment, is suitable for working age patients with joint and muscle pain. In cooperation with occupational health specialists “Guide for mud treatment, heat therapy and hydrotherapy for work-related shoulder and arm overload syndrome” was completed.

In the second quarter of 2014 similar studies were conducted to explore the effect of Estonian lake mud on the analysis group with an early overload syndrome, with the aim of preventing the development of overload disorder. According to the study, treatment

schemes combined with general procedures were more effective for alleviating back and wrist pains. Treatment schemes that contained mud worked best for the elbow, and treatment schemes with mineral water or local heat therapy proved most effective for the shoulder. Neck pain reacted well to all combinations of heat therapy. In summary, spa treatment was effective as a combined treatment as well as local heat therapy.

From December 2012 to April 2014 a study of the quality of life following a six-day spa treatment was conducted in four Estonian spas with the aim of analysing the effects of a six-day spa treatment on the quality of life of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee at the end of their treatment and up to six months following the treatment. All the patients with the osteoarthritis of the knee whose health permitted the use of integrated treatment and who wished to participate, became study subjects in the order of their arrival. Altogether 374 people participated in the study. Treatment results between different mud treatment packages were assessed, based on the changes in clinical indicators. No statistically real difference can be seen between the mud treatment packages; thus, both mud treatment packages are suitable and there is no clear preference. In case of the mud treatment package that used a combination of mineral water and mud baths, the treatment effect could be observed later than in the case of using only curative mud, but the effects lasted longer.

Based on the studies of the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, we can claim that biologically active substances found in Estonian curative mud form an important foundation of the therapeutic effect in such cases as musculoskeletal overload diseases or syndromes.

Also, Estonian curative mud is suitable for product development in pharmacy and cosmetics. In cooperation with a pharmaceutical plant, the Centre has developed a massage cream that contains humid substances from the curative mud of Haapsalu. In the Centre’s Health Promotion Laboratory, we have tested both the curative mud massage cream as well as a mixture of mud and disintegrator-ground peat for vacuum massage, to introduce a new spa service.

In the field of curative mud treatment the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation holds the patent “Therapeutic mud mixture and a method for its manufacture” (patent application number P201500002, letters patent number EE 05778 B1) and the patent “Electrical mud therapy device for limbs” (patent application number P201400009, letter patent number EE 05772 B1) – this is a patent for a mud therapy device for hands. The Centre’s Mud Products Development Laboratory has developed a solution that enables the transport of Estonian curative mud in a dried and disintegrator-ground form.

Can you elaborate about the research that is taking place at the centre and its facilities?

The Centre’s equipment, which contains a gait robot for children and adults, a robot-tilt table, an arm robot, a whole-body isokinetic dynamometer and stress test devices, is unique throughout Europe and enables the implementation of the Centre’s rehabilitation projects, and better planning of services and treatment results.

In 2012-2015 the following studies, which mainly supported entrepreneurship in rehabilitation, were conducted in the Rehabilitation Laboratory:

• The effectiveness of early rehabilitation (up to 1.5 years after the trauma) in achieving independence in patients with spinal cord injuries

• Rehabilitation, directing to active participation in the labour market and avoiding late complications in patients who have sustained spinal cord injuries over 1.5 years ago

• Improving the mobility and operational capacity of a stroke patient and a patient with traumatic brain injury

• Improving early rehabilitation and developmental treatment of children with neurological damage by introducing innovative treatment methodologies

• A health promotion study of school children aged 6 – 18 in early diagnostics of mobility and operational capacity (preventative action in the formation of working-age population)

• A study of the effects and applicability of vibroacoustic therapy in the rehabilitation of brain and spinal cord injuries

In addition, studies of posture problems and osteoporosis have been conducted in the Centre’s health laboratory.

The results of the studies conducted in the laboratories of mobility and operational capacity support new, innovative treatment methods in rehabilitation and developing assisting equipment that supports independent living through improving mobility and operational capacity and integrating disabled people into the labour market. The results of the studies are directed mainly at supporting the health promotion and preventative development activities of the Centre.

The vibroacoustic bed is an example of the applied solutions in the field of mobility and operational capacity. The bed, which is based on vibroacoustic therapy (VAT), was developed by a team of specialists of the Centre’s laboratories. The device for vibroacoustic therapy (VAT) or vibroacoustic bed, designed by the experts of the Centre’s Design Laboratory, has been confirmed as an industrial design solution (Community design Register, no 003004332-0001); in addition, software for the bed has been created.

The VAT device has an innovative ergonomic design, making it comfortable for the user as well as the person conducting the procedure. It is mobile, easily maintained, and aesthetically compatible with different environments. Potential end-users of the device include producers of medical and wellness products. The vibroacoustic bed is produced in Estonia under a licence agreement by the enterprise SMARTdo OÜ. The bed was presented at the International VIBRAC Conference in Finland in October 2016.[1]

In order to conduct research and development and implement useful solutions in curative mud treatment, mobility and operational capacity, the Centre of Excellence in Health Promotion and Rehabilitation is interested in international cooperation with entrepreneurs as well as universities.

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Priit Aigro, a representative of SMARTdo, and Ivar Vinkel, an expert of the Centre of Excellence, introducing the VAT-bed. Photo: Piret Räni

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Refernces:
[1] http://www.vibrac.fi/content/1st-international-vibrac-conference-0

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